Magnetic properties of Crystals :- Each electron in an atom behaves like a magnet. It’s magnetic moment originates from two types of motions are orbital…
Conductors:- The solids with conductivities ranging between 10⁴ to 10⁷ ohm⁻¹ m⁻¹ are called conductors. Examples. – Metals like Iron, Copper, Sodium etc. Insulators :-…
A solid consists of an aggregation of large number of small crystals, these small crystals have defects in them which are called defects in crystals.…
Atomic radius :- Thus, the edge length or side of the cube a and the atomic radius of each particle r are related as a…
In Crystals, the constituent particles are close packed and leaving the minimum vacant space. In such a situation, the entropy of crystalline material becomes minimum.…
W. H. Miller in 1839 represented the planes of a crystal by a set of three integers h, k and l, called the Miller indices.…
Theoretical Density :- Knowing the unit cell dimensions, the theoretical density d of a cubic crystal can be calculated from the equation d = Z…
Crystal Lattice :- If the three dimensional arrangement of constituent particles like atoms, molecules or ions in a crystal is represented diagrammatically, in which each…
Solid state :- Types of Solid :- On the basis of the nature of order present in the arrangement of their constituent particles, Solid or…