Conductors:- The solids with conductivities ranging between 10⁴ to 10⁷ ohm⁻¹ m⁻¹ are called conductors. Examples. – Metals like Iron,

A solid consists of an aggregation of large number of small crystals, these small crystals have defects in them which

Atomic radius :- Thus, the edge length or side of the cube a and the atomic radius of each particle

In Crystals, the constituent particles are close packed and leaving the minimum vacant space. In such a situation, the entropy

W. H. Miller in 1839 represented the planes of a crystal by a set of three integers h, k and

Theoretical Density :- Knowing the unit cell dimensions, the theoretical density d of a cubic crystal can be calculated from

Crystal Lattice :- If the three dimensional arrangement of constituent particles like atoms, molecules or ions in a crystal is

Solid state :- Types of Solid :- On the basis of the nature of order present in the arrangement of